Pinch dynamometers, or pinch meters, provide the objective strength data used for clinical and professionals need but that's only one piece of the puzzle. Factors like: age, height, body weight and gender all need to be accounted for when comparing to pinch strength norms. See tables above for pinch data broken down by age, gender, and pinch test type.
Hand Evaluation Kit 3 piece Saehan brand Imported Saehan Hand Evaluation Kit (3 Pcs)
Hand Evaluation Kit 3 piece Saehan brand Imported Saehan Hand Evaluation Kit (3 Pcs)
- Kit Includes 3 pieces
- Hydraulic Hand Dynamo-meter - Designed for reliable grip-force evaluations from 0 to 200 lbs(0 to 90 kg). Dual scale readout display, lb and kg. Peak-hold needle automatically retains the highest reading until reset. Handle easily adjusts 5 grip positions from 1 3/8" - 3 3/8", in half inch increments to accommodate any hand size.
- Hydraulic Pinch Gauge - Practitioner, not patient, supports this 0 - 45 lbs(0 to 20 kg) device allowing highly accurate test result for all pinch tests(tip, key, and palmer). Dual scale shows both pounds and kilograms
- Finger Goniometer 5.5" in carrying case
- CE marked and FDA approved.
The Hand Evaluation Kit includes everything needed for hand and finger evaluation, in one convenient and cost-saving package. The kit comes in a sturdy plastic carry case with a foam lining to keep the devices protected.
Includes 3 pieces in a hard plastic case:
- Hydraulic hand dynamometer
- Hydraulic pinch gauge
- Finger Goniometer
Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer
- Designed for reliable grip-force evaluations from 0 to 200 lbs. (0 to 91 kg).
- Dual-scale readout displays pounds and kilograms.
- Peak-hold needle automatically holds the highest reading.
- Handle easily adjusts to five grip positions, from 1 to 3, in half inch increments to accommodate all hand sizes.
- Includes hard carrying case and operation manual
Saehan SH5005 Pinch Gauge
The Saehan 5005 Pinch Gauge is used for hand-strength testing by measuring tip, key and palmar pinch.
Pinch styles:
- Tip Pinch — thumb tip to index fingertip.
- Key Pinch — thumb pad to lateral aspect of middle phalanx of index finger.
- Palmar Pinch — thumb pad to pads of index and middle fingers.
Saehan SH5005 Pinch Gauge is used for measuring a patient’s hand strength to initially evaluate a patient’s hand dysfunction or trauma, and also to determine how a patient is responding to ongoing therapy and treatment
Pinch force is measured in pounds and kilograms (45 lbs or 20kg. Maximum reading) on a dual scale.
Saehan SH5005 Pinch Gauge comes complete with a calibration Certificate Traceable to National Standards when purchased new.
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The Saehan Hydraulic 3-Piece Hand Evaluation Kit contains all the equipment needed to test the strength and range-of-motion of hands and fingers. It contains a hydraulic hand dynamometer, a hydraulic pinch gauge and a stainless steel finger goniometer.
The hydraulic hand dynamometer included in the set is designed for testing hand grip strength. It gives accurate readings without the user being able to feel the handle move, and has five different positions to match the user's hand size. The indicator has a range of 0kg - 90kg (200lb), and it will remain at its reading until reset, making it easier to take accurate readings from the gauge.
The hydraulic pinch gauge uses the same hydraulic system as in the hydraulic hand dynamometer to provide an accurate reading of an individual's pinch strength.
This helps to ensure that all results are as accurate and precise as possible. Stainless Steel Finger Goniometer The stainless steel finger goniometer measures a finger joint's range-of-motion. It's 15cm long and has a 180° scale in 5° increments to deliver an accurate reading.
Saehan Hydraulic Hand Grip Dynamometer
The Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometers were designed for accurate and reliable grip force evaluations. These saehan hand dynamometers have for many decades worn the Jamar trade name. Many of the saehan improvements in design have been accepted as internationally standards.
Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer Features:
- Grip Force Evaluation 0-90kg (200lbs)
- Dual Scale Readout in lbs and kgs
- Peak Hold Needle Automatically Retains Highest Reading until Reset
- Easy Adjustable 5 Grip Handle Position
- CE Marked & FDA Approved
- Includes Hard Carry Case
- Made in South Korea
Saehan Hydraulic Pinch Gauge
The Saehan Hydraulic Pinch Gauge was designed for accurate and reliable pinch tests including tip, key and palmer protocols. These saehan pinch gauges have for many decades worn the Jamar Trade name. Many of the saehan improvements in design have been accepted as internationally standards.
Saehan Hydraulic Pinch Gauge Features:
- 0-20kg Pinch Force (45lbs)
- Dual Dial Shows lbs & Kgs
- Peak Hold Needle Automatically Retains Highest Reading until Reset
- CE Marked & FDA Approved
- Includes Hard Carry Case
- Made in South Korea
What is a hand dynamometer and how does it work?
A hand dynamometer is an evaluation tool that’s used to measure isometric grip force (hand grip strength). Some versions use hydraulics to measure the force while others use electronic load cells. Once the grip position is adjusted, the user holds the handle and squeezes the handle. The peak hold needle will keep the highest rating on a hydraulic version until reset, while the digital version automatically displays the test results.
Why do I need a hand dynamometer?
A variety of medical professionals use hand dynamometers. If you are a certified hand therapist, occupational therapist, or physical therapist focused on tracking patient progress this tool is an easy way to measure strength improvements in therapy. It can be used by hand surgeons to measure a patient’s grip before and after surgery. Lastly, it can also be used as part of independent medical exams to help determine if a patient is ready to return to work. Hand dynamometers are excellent tools when conducting hand evaluations.
In addition to being used in hospitals and clinics, many researchers also use hand dynamometers in studies examining grip strength. These studies may explore how grip strength can be used as an indicator of patient health or other hand strength topics.
How do I use a hand dynamometer for grip strength testing?
How are hand dynamometers used in research?
Study 1: Prognostic value of grip strength: Findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
Participants: 139,691 people from 17 countries
Results: Grip strength (measured with a Jamar hand dynamometer) was inversely associated with all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality, as well as myocardial infarction and stroke. The study found that grip strength was a stronger predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality than systolic blood pressure. However, there was no significant association found between grip strength and incident diabetes, risk of hospital admission for pneumonia or COPD, injury from falls, or fracture.
This suggests that measuring and tracking grip strength could be an inexpensive way to access the patient’s risk of cardiovascular disease and other conditions.
Study 2: Grip Strength Is Associated with Longitudinal Health Maintenance and Improvement in Adolescents
Participants: 368 elementary school children
Results: This study used a hand dynamometer to measure normalized grip strength (NGH) in children. It found that adolescents with low NGS had a higher prevalence of health decline or poor health persistence over a two year period, compared to those who were strong. Additionally, adolescents with a strong NGS were more likely to have health maintenance or health improvement even after adjusting for factors like objectively measured physical fitness.
This research also shows the importance of grip strength as a predictor for health, this time in children. Grip strength tests are a simple way to identify patients that need further intervention to improve their health.
Study 3: Combination of measures of handgrip strength and red cell distribution width can predict in-hospital complications better than the ASA grade after hip fracture surgery in the elderly
Participants: 83 consecutive patients operated on for hip fracture surgeries (identified retrospectively)
Results: 52% of patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery. The study found that a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grading and grip strength could each independently predict ICU admission. The research also found that the combination of red cell distribution width (RDW) and grip strength outweighed the ASA grade in predictive ability. Grip strength was measured using a Jamar digital hand dynamometer.
This study shows that utilizing grip strength testing in hospitals and clinical settings, along with RDW and ANA grades, can help detect high-risk patients early and improve their outcome post hip fracture surgery.
Get a Grip! What Does My Grip Strength Reveal About My Health?
While you might think that your grip strength is only good for a firm handshake, the strength of your hands can actually be a predictive indicator of your overall health. As such, many chiropractors and doctors will use physical therapy equipment designed to test your grip among other automatic strength tests.
But what does your grip strength say about your overall health? Here are some of the primary indicators about your health that doctors, chiropractors, and more can glean from a simple grip test.
But first: What is grip strength?
Before we dive into the importance of grip strength, we need to know what it is and how it's measured.
Grip strength is synonymous with hand strength and it is a measure of the muscle health of your hands and forearms. Grip strength is typically measured in pounds, kilograms, or Newtons by squeezing a type of muscle strength testing equipment, known as a dynamometer, about three times in each hand. The average healthy grip strength for men is a squeeze of about 72.6 pounds while women typically measure around 44 pounds.
Should your score fall below this measurement, it could be an indicator of a variety of health issues. Keep in mind that grip strength often decreases as you grow older and it isn't a measurement of your pain thresholds. Here are some of the many ways grip strength can reveal hidden issues in your health.
Physical therapy
Grip strength is often a good measurement of how physical therapy is going for an injured patient. Because sensitive pieces of physical therapy equipment are used to track even the slightest changes in grip strength, this can be a good indicator for tracking the progress of physical therapy patients. A stronger grip will imply that someone is benefiting from the physical therapy while a weaker grip suggests a change in therapy is necessary.
Cardiovascular health
Your grip strength can also indicate the strength of your heart health. According to the Harvard Medical School, a decrease in grip strength of about 11 pounds is linked to a 17% increased risk for heart disease and dying from it as a result. It's also linked to a 7% increased risk for heart attack.
Even when researchers attempted to adjust their study of more than 140,000 adults for external factors, including smoking and age, they still found that grip strength was a stronger indicator for cardiovascular disease than blood pressure. Grip strength can also indicate your risk for stroke and serve as a reliable measurement of your biological age, not your chronological age.
How can I improve my grip strength?
You can improve your grip strength by engaging in a variety of hand exercises. This can be as simple as lifting weights or using a shovel to improve your home's garden. You can also talk to your doctor; they have a variety of rehab tools and systems which work to improve your overall health. Since grip strength tends to increase when you better your overall health, engaging in other forms of physical therapy and exercise is encouraged. In fact, just 10 minutes of exercise or other physical activity every day can help you improve your mobility, avoid disability, and live even longer.
Grip Strength
Handgrip Strength Test
The purpose of the handgrip strength test is to measure the maximum isometric strength of the hand and forearm muscles. Handgrip strength is important for any sport in which the hands are used for catching, throwing or lifting. Also, as a general rule people with strong hands tend to be strong elsewhere, so this test is often used as a general test of strength.
scoring: The best result from several trials for each hand is recorded, with at least 15 seconds recovery between each effort. The values listed below (in kg and lbs) give a guide to expected scores for adults. These values are the average of the best scores of each hand. See more Hand Grip Strength Norms. Other protocols will just use the score from the dominant hand, or compare the left and right hand results. See also examples of some actual athlete results.
| MALES | FEMALES | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rating* | (lbs) | (kg) | (lbs) | (kg) |
| excellent | > 141 | > 64 | > 84 | > 38 |
| very good | 123-141 | 56-64 | 75-84 | 34-38 |
| above average | 114-122 | 52-55 | 66-74 | 30-33 |
| average | 105-113 | 48-51 | 57-65 | 26-29 |
| below average | 96-104 | 44-47 | 49-56 | 23-25 |
| poor | 88-95 | 40-43 | 44-48 | 20-22 |
| very poor | < 88 | < 40 | < 44 | < 20 |
What is a pinch meter?
A pinch meter is a medical instrument that is used to test digital strength in the form of three different types of pinches. It primarily serves as a diagnostic and assessment tool.
- The lateral/key pinch can be used to screen for ulnar nerve injuries (weakness of the adductor pollicis or 1st dorsal interosseus).
- The tip pinch can be used to screen for anterior interosseous nerve weakness.
- The 3 point/3 jaw chuck pinch can be used to screen for median nerve injuries or carpal metacarpal degenerative joint disease.
What happens during the test?
The patient uses their fingers to apply pressure onto the pinch meter, or pinch gauge. This can be done in a few different ways, depending on what pinch style is being tested. One pinch test is the three jaw chuck, where the thumb pinches in opposition against the index and long finger. The lateral pinch, or key where the thumb pinches against the radial side of the index finger as if holding a key. And the final test is a tip pinch where the thumb pinches opposite pad of the index finger. The patient exerts as much pressure as they can for a few seconds.
The therapist takes the average of 3 trials for each type of pinch, alternating from one hand to the other. Positioning during the test should be shoulder adducted, elbow at 90 degrees and forearm in neutral.
Pinch Grip Test
Definition
A pinch grip is a form of precision grip whereby an object is pinched in three ways. These 3 standard pinch strength tests (see below) are commonly performed within, but not limited to, Occupational and Physical Therapy settings.
Method
Pinch dynamometers, or pinch meters are used to assess strength
With the client seated, elbow flexed to 90 degrees with arm adducted at side, and forearm neutral, proceed as follows:
- Lateral pinch (key pinch): Place the pinchmeter between the radial side of index finger and thumb, and instruct the client to pinch as hard as possible.
- Three-point pinch (three jaw chuck pinch): Place the pinchmeter between the pulp of the thumb and pulp of the index and middle fingers. Instruct the client to pinch as hard as possible.
- Two-point pinch (tip to tip pinch): Place the pinchmeter between the tip of the thumb and tip of the index finger, and instruct the client to pinch as hard as possible.
Dynamometers, Pinch Gauges, Hand Grip Test, Pinch Dynamometer, Hand Dynamometer
Pinch Strength Testing Protocols Explained
There are 3 standard pinch strength tests are commonly performed within, but not limited to, Occupational and Physical Therapy settings. The Echo Pinch Dynamometer system is a suitable solution for any of the following pinch testing procedures:
- Tip-To-Tip Pinch (Two-Point Pinch) - The pinch meter is placed between the tip of the thumb and the tip of the index finger...
- Key Pinch (Lateral Pinch) - The pinch meter is placed between the pad of the thumb and the lateral surface of the index finger...
- Palmar Pinch (Three-Point Pinch or 3-jaw chuck pinch) - The pinch meter is placed between the pad of the thumb and pad of the index and middle fingers...
- Pulp-to-Pulp Pinch - like the 2-point tip-to-tip pinch, except the pads of the fingers are pressed to the pinch meter rather than the tips
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How to Perform Pinch Strength Evaluations
How Is Pinch Strength Measured?
Pinch strength evaluation can be a powerful indicator of a person's overall health. To capture this valuable data, practitioners user various pinch strength meters or "Pinch Dynamometers".
Pinch strength meters help users determine a subject’s functional hand/ pinch strength. This test has significance in including post-offers, job analysis and functional capacity evaluation.
Each variation of pinch test is administered in similar fashion. The practitioner usually demonstrates the process and finger position. The subject should be sitting comfortably with an upright posture.
Then the user will grip the pinch gauge and position fingers according to the Pinch Strength Testing Protocols listed above.
The typical exam consists of 3-5 max effort pinch tests with rest in between. The tester will record each test and record the average of the series. This average is then compared to the Pinch Strength Norms above.
Upon comparison to normative pinch strength data based on age and gender, therapists can tailor treatment plans to best suit each individual.
Applications of Pinch Strength Measurement Systems
Using a pinch strength testing system, like the Commander Echo Pinch Gauge from JTECH, helps Occupational and Physiotherapists objectively measure the functional strength of pinching action of the hand.
These pinch strength testing tools are critical tools in the functional capacity evaluations in job analysis as well as medical settings. These tests provide key insights about a subject’s overall health and/or ability to perform certain tasks effectively.
- In Workers Compensation Cases - help employers confidently if and when employees are ready to either begin or return to work. Certain professions require extensive use of hands and candidates need to be screened to avoid injury.
- In Functional Capacity Evaluation (FCE) Cases - Pinch force gauges help testers estimate the “sincerity of effort” or the “coefficient of variation”. These help employers determine a candidate’s ability to perform tasks requiring manual dexterity and fine motor skills.
- In “Post Offer” Evaluation Cases - These pinch strength exams help indicate an employee’s predisposition to repetitive motion disorders, like Carpal Tunnel Syndrome for example.
Finger Goniometer
A finger goniometer measures range-of-motion (ROM) of finger joints (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) and other small joints including toes.
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